JUEGA CON SIMPLE MACHINES

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MACHINES

A machine is something that allows us to do work with less effort. We can classify machines depending on the function they do. (Simple machines and complex machines)

Simple machines: They have few or no moving parts and we use our own energy to make it work.

Complex machines: It´s made of two or more simple machines and it often needs electricity to work.

THE SIX SIMPLE MACHINES

1.      A lever and fulcrum: This machine is a rigid bar, which turns on a support called a fulcrum.

2.       A wheel and axle: we use a wheel and axles to move things across the ground more easily.

3.       A screw: We use a screw to hold thing together or lift objects.

4.       An inclined plane: It`s made up of a flat, slanting surface. It´s easier to push an object up an inclined plane than to lift it vertically.

5.       A pulley: This machine has a wheel and axle and a rope. Pulling the rope is easier than lifting an object using our body.

6.       A wedge: We can cut things or push things apart more easily.

FORCES

A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Forces can make an object move, change direction, slow down or accelerate and change shape.

There are different types of forces:

·    1.  FRICTION: It`s the force that exist when two objects rub against each other. This force can slow down or stop a moving object.

·  2. GRAVITY: It is a force which attracts all objects to each other. The Earth`s gravity stops everything moving into outer space.

We can classify machines by the energy source they use:

-Some machines need energy from people to work.

- Some machines need Energy from wind or water to work.

-Some machines need fuel such as petrol.

-Some machines need electricity to work.

We can also classify machines by their function: They can be mechanical , thermal or they can process information.

1. Mechanical machines have a motor or an engine which transforms electricity or fuel into kinetic energy making things move.

2. Thermal machines make things hot or cold.

3. Information-processing machines they are used to communicate and to make calculations.

COMPLEX MACHINES

1.       Casing: The casing is the outer part of the machine. It protects the machine from damage and dust

2.       Operational parts: The operational parts are the individual component of the machine.

3.       A mechanism: is a group of components which work together to perform a specific function.

4.       An engine: Is the part of the machine that produce movement.

5.       Microchips: Microchips have the smallest electric circuit.

COMPUTERS 

Today we can communicate almost instantaneously with almost anywhere in the world. Hundreds of communication satellites orbiting the Earth.

The invention of the computer has help other many technologies.

An important development in the technology was the microchip. A microchip contain microscopic circuits witch allow the computer process information more quickly.